(Dodds, Lecture 2) Kantian moral theory and Utilitarianism are two theories that attempt to answer the ethical nature of human beings. According to Kant, we should look at our maxims, or intentions, of the particular action. Kant described that duty, goodwill, and moral worth are vital to determine the morality of an action. Is the doctor … Mill made his point of higher and lower pleasures in the quote “It is better to be a human being dissatisfied than a pig satisfied; better to be Socrates dissatisfied than a fool satisfied. Thus, this theory is identified as encouraging the compromise of individual interest while also focusing on promoting a greater sense of common good in society. In these situations, utilitarianism may allow the sacrifice if it maximizes utility, but Kantianism will never allow such a sacrifice because it treats a person as a means. and a Kantian might act and why. Both Kantianism and utilitarianism are ethical theories that express the ethical standard of an action. Utilitarianism is based on the principle of utility, which emphasizes on the idea of being more useful and beneficial for a majority. In many situation there isn’t time to ask if this is for the good of the individual, we simply must act in the best way we know how to. i. Ethical Egoism Ethical egoism, also known simply as egoism, holds that moral conduct ought to be judged through self-interest. Kantianism VS Utilitarianism I would like to preface this by saying that I personally subscribe to the theory of utilitarianism when it comes to ethics, but I've been trying to broaden my horizons. Kant postulated this theory to give ethical guidelines to people when making ethical decisions or actions. https://graduateway.com/utilitarianism-vs-kantianism/, Get your custom If you need this or any other sample, we can send it to you via email. Consequentialism may violate such laws. But these acts are clearly immoral regardless of how fruitful they might be for the greatest number. ix. Strenths and Weaknesses Kant. Virtue Ethics derives the rightness or wrongness of one's conduct from the character of the behavior itself rather than the outcomes of the conduct. Another weakness of Kant’s theory is what happens when your inclinations and duties are the same? Deontology vs. Utilitarianism THE RIGHT CHOICE Deontology is an ethical theory, which states actions should be performed according a previously ranked set of values (Johnson, 1996). Although utilitarianism could use some work, the basic principles of the theory are much more practical to apply to the real world compared to kantianism. Utilitarianism vs Deontology . According to this theory, an action is right, if it tends to promote happiness – not just the happiness of the person who performs the action, but all those who are affected by that action. Human beings live in a society that is defined by their moral obligations, and Kantian moral theory and Utilitarianism are the two theories that attempt one to define this nature of humanity. The main difference between Kantianism and Utilitarianism is that Kantianism is a deontological theory while utilitarianism is a teleological theory. Mill is one of the philosophers who described the moral theory of utilitarianism, an ethical view that can help an individual in making decisions. Moreover, Kantianism is postulated by Immanuel Kant while Utilitarianism is postulated by Jeremy Bentham, John Sturt Mill, Henry Sidgwick, et al. Kant is primarily concerned with duty. Utilitarianism is an ethical system that proposes that the greatest useful goodness for the greatest number of people and Kantianism suggests that the morally correct action is an absolute, unconditional requirement that allows no exceptions, and is both required and justified as an end in itself, not as a means to some other end. Moreover, he further explained that humans, being rational beings, should use their reasoning ability or rational thinking when making ethical decisions. Kantianism is simple to follow. Hence, this is another difference between Kantianism and Utilitarianism. Utilitarianism can be best seen as the "conscious reflection on our moral beliefs with a goal of making better, extending or refining the beliefs in the same way." I believe that rule utilitarianism is better than kantianism because it is reasonable to assume consequences and humans are too complex to strictly follow the categorical imperative. 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