In his final recordings, made with his Nouvelle Quintette in the last few months of his life, he had begun moving in a new musical direction, in which he assimilated the vocabulary of bebop and fused it with his own melodic style.[33]. So Django Reinhardt was born in Belgium in 1910 but moved to France. The story of Django Reinhardt, famous guitarist and composer, and his flight from German-occupied Paris in 1943. In 1943, Reinhardt married his long-term partner Sophie "Naguine" Ziegler in Salbris. Guitarists, particularly in Britain and the United States, could scarcely believe what they heard on the records that the Quintette was making; guitarist, gypsy jazz enthusiast and educator Ian Cruickshank writes: It wasn't until 1938, and the Quintet's first tour of England, that guitarists [in the U.K.] were able to witness Django's amazing abilities. [13]:9 The following year he recorded for the first time. An injury in a fire could have ended Django Reinhardt's career. Later in his career, Reinhardt played with Dizzy Gillespie in France. Jazz musician Django Bates was named after him. He was too far ahead of his time. But in jazz, Louis Armstrong was a genius, Duke Ellington was another one, and Reinhardt was also. Intgrale Django Reinhardt, volumes 120 (40 CDs), released by the French company Frmeaux from 2002 to 2005, tried to include every known track on which he played.[77]. Though they survived, he and his wife both suffered severe burns. Jeff Beck described Reinhardt as "by far the most astonishing guitar player ever" and "quite superhuman".[61]. [19]:93. His modernist piece "Rythme Futur" was also intended to be acceptable to the Nazis. It was late on the night of November 2, 1928. In the autumn of 1946, he made his first tour in the United States, debuting at Cleveland Music Hall[29] as a special guest soloist with Duke Ellington and His Orchestra. was released in 2005. No one thought he would play again. Hitler and Joseph Goebbels viewed jazz as un-German counterculture. From left to right: Baro Ferret, Lousson Baumgartner (son of Django Reinhardt), Reinhardt and Sarane Ferret. He was a Sinti Gypsy. Django later picked up several more instruments, the banjo, guitar, and a hybrid of the two, called a guitjo, and profited from his rising talent at county fairs and on the streets of nearby towns. Django is on top form; full of new ideas that are executed with amazing fluidity, cutting angular lines that always retain that ferocious swing.[38]. [10] He struggled financially and frequently lacked a guitar after giving it to a doctor as payment for treating one of his children. Jean Baptiste "Django" Reinhardt ( 23. januar 1910 - 16. maj 1953) var en fransk / belgisk jazzguitarist, der var en af de frste fremtrdende europiske jazzmusikere, som blev bermt pga. "___ pronounce you husband and wife": 2 wds. Django: Directed by Etienne Comar. 2008. ( Django Reinhardt 1910 123 - 1953 516 ) [1] [2] [3] [4] [ ] [ ] Mother of Jean-Jaques Babik Reinhardt. They came to light via recordings by Matelo Ferret in 1960 (the waltzes "Montagne Sainte-Genevieve", "Gagoug", "Chez Jacquet" and "Choti"; Disques Vogue (F)EPL7740) and 1961 ("Djalamichto" and "En Verdine"; Disques Vogue (F)EPL7829). Django Reinhardt's income source is mostly from being a successful Soundtrack. [21], Reinhardt also played and recorded with many American jazz musicians, such as Adelaide Hall, Coleman Hawkins, Benny Carter, and Rex Stewart (who later stayed in Paris). [39][a] During his career he wrote nearly 100 songs, according to jazz guitarist Frank Vignola. [23], While he tried to continue with his music, war with the Nazis presented Reinhardt with a potentially catastrophic obstacle, as he was a Romani jazz musician. Over the years, Django Reinhardts recordings have been released on several cassettes, EPs, and albums. Born: 23 January 1910, Liberchies, Belgium. Nuotteja lukematon Reinhardt . "Woody Allen movie resurrects music of jazz great Reinhardt", "Django Reinhardt Jattendrai Swing 1939 live", "The Hot Jazz: Le Hot Club de France, Vols. There's a lot of guys that play fast and a lot of guys that play clean, and the guitar has come a long way as far as speed and clarity go, but nobody plays with the whole fullness of expression that Django has. For you certainly cannot do it after a jazz concert? [12], He received little formal education and acquired the rudiments of literacy only in adult life. Django Reinhardt recorded for the first time in 1928. DR: No, it's not I who notates the music. I mean, the combination of incredible speed all the speed you could possibly want but also the thing of every note have a specific personality. The names of two of Lousson's children, Chti and Gagoug, were commemorated musically when Django's widow, Naguine, conferred them on two previously unpublished compositions of Django as subsequently recorded by Matelo Ferret in 1960.[11]. Jean "Django" Reinhardt was a promising young musician when a crippling injury seemed to end his chance of having a music career. After the war, in 1946, Django made the long-awaited trip to America. [2] In February 2017, the Berlin International Film Festival held the world premiere of the French film Django. Reinhardt re-formed the quintet, with Hubert Rostaing on clarinet replacing Grappelli. His second wife was Naguine, and they had a son Babik. After having played a broad spectrum of music, he was introduced to American jazz by an acquaintance, mile Savitry, whose record collection included such musical luminaries as Louis Armstrong, Duke Ellington, and Joe Venuti and Eddie Lang. It was a politically tumultuous time in the history of Europe and the Nazis had taken control of France. He is remembered for many compositions, such as Minor Swing, Belleville, Swing 42, and Nuages. A French film based on his lifetitled Djangowas also released recently. [22], In 1938, Reinhardt's quintet played to thousands at an all-star show held in London's Kilburn State auditorium. Also in the neighborhood was the artistic salon R-26, at which Reinhardt and Grappelli performed regularly as they developed their unique musical style. Reinhardt's first son, Lousson (a.k.a. I dictate it to him. DR: All the gypsies in the entire world have made use of foreign masses for many centuries. A new generation of French jazz enthusiasts, the Zazous, had arisen and swollen the ranks of the Hot Club. Only one session (eight tracks) from March 1953 was ever recorded specifically for album release by Norman Granz in the then-new LP format, but Reinhardt died before the album could be released. May 16, 1953 - Jean Baptiste "Django" Reinhardt was born on January 23, 1910 in Liberchies, Pont--Celles, Belgium, into a French family of Manouche Romani descent. Beginning in 1933, all German Romani were barred from living in cities, herded into settlement camps, and routinely sterilized. By legend, the trip was a disaster: he arrived without his Selmer, never found a guitar he liked, was booed by audiences, and. It was written and directed by Jamie Kastner. Django Reinhardt, original name Jean Reinhardt, (born January 23, 1910, Liberchies, Belgiumdied May 16, 1953, Fontainebleau, France), guitarist who is generally considered one of the few European jazz musicians of true originality. Unlike the estimated 600,000 Romani people who were interned and killed in the Porajmos, the Romani Holocaust, Reinhardt survived the war. [39], For about a decade after Reinhardt's death, interest in his musical style was minimal. To scrape together a little money, Bella had been making artificial flowers out of paper and highly flammable celluloid. At this time, he had not started playing jazz, although he had probably heard and had been intrigued by the version of jazz played by American expatriate bands like Billy Arnold's. . Reinhardt died suddenly of a stroke on 16 May 1953. Wherever he stayed, in fact, became an encampment for his extended family. [74][75][76], Since his death, Reinhardt's music has been released on many compilations. Django's technique was not only phenomenal, but it was personal and unique to him due to his handicap. [53] Reinhardt is celebrated annually in the village of Liberchies, his birthplace. In the 1930s, jazz guitarist Emmet Ray idolizes Django Reinhardt, faces gangsters and falls in love with a mute woman. Lousson's guitar style has been described as following the "most modern" of Django's styles as well as being influenced by Wes Montgomery and Jim Hall. Members of the quintet were hesitant to return to France where the Nazis were at work rounding up gypsies. Due to this nature, Django may have been a bit detached from the world of practicality, more often adrift in the realm of spirit from where his ardent affection for music stemmed from. Keeping these crucial questions in mind, let's revisit the life of the famous Jazz guitarist, Django Reinhardt. Whilst his solos became less chordal and his lines more Christian-like, he retained his originality. Reinhardt survived World War II unscathed, unlike many other Gypsies who perished in concentration camps. He played a few tunes at the end of the show, backed by Ellington, with no special arrangements written for him. These posthumous compilations include Django Reinhardt et Ses Rythmes, Le Jazz Hot, Djangos Guitar, The Immortal Django Reinhardt Guitar and Routes to Django Reinhardt. To cite this article click here for a list of acceptable citing formats.The history of earlier contributions by wikipedians is accessible to researchers here: The history of this article since it was imported to New World Encyclopedia: Note: Some restrictions may apply to use of individual images which are separately licensed. Who Is Django Reinhardt's Wife? One song in particular, Louis Armstrong's "Indian Cradle Song," stirred Django to the point that he turned to his friend and muttered in awe, "Achmon, my brother, my brother" This was Django's first encounter with jazz music, and his impression of it was that it represented incredible freedom. Tears by Django Reinhardt | Practicing guitar improvisation for the minor part. The names "Gagoug" and "Choti" were reportedly conferred by Django's widow Naguine on request from Matelo, who had learned the tunes without names. [2]:169 In France, they were used as slave labour on farms and in factories. There, he had the chance to perform at many of the country's prime venues including Carnegie Hall, performing alongside notable musicians and composers such as Maury Deutsch. [11]:141, After his return, Reinhardt re-immersed himself in Romani life, finding it difficult to adjust to the postwar world. The group was among the first to play jazz that featured the guitar as a lead instrument. [19]:4549 The Quintette was one of the few well-known jazz ensembles composed only of stringed instruments. It was then, in 1932 or 1933, that a friend of his invited him up to his apartment to listen to some records. Reinhardt's nickname purportedly means 'I Awake' in the Romani language, however it may. [7] His father, Jean Eugene Weiss, domiciled in Paris with his wife, went by Jean-Baptiste Reinhardt, his wife's surname, to avoid French military conscription. Django's ability to bend his guitar to the most fantastic audacities, combined with his expressive inflections and vibrato, is no less wonderful; one feels an extraordinary flame burning through every note. The instant I heard Django, I flipped. Reinhardt returned to Paris at once,[11]:9899 leaving his wife in the UK. [2]:28 Reinhardt was able to make a living playing music by the time he was 15, busking in cafs, often with his brother Joseph. Both his sons, Lousson and Babik, also followed in his footsteps and became jazz guitarists. Grappelli remained in the United Kingdom for the duration of the war. Nicknamed "Naguine," she and Reinhardt were distant cousins. I am very loved by them, and I thank them by offering to them this mass. His devotees included classical guitarist Julian Bream and country guitarist Chet Atkins, who considered him one of the ten greatest guitarists of the twentieth century. By the early 1940s, Django Reinhardt was considered by many to be Paris' greatest star. He had full use of only the index and middle. Pendant ses jeunes annes, la roulotte familiale voit du pays, avant de se fixer au sud de Paris. Another difficulty was that Django, used to playing the Selmer Maccaferri, the guitar that he made famous, was required to play a new amplified model for the American tour. In 1965, he had his first short-lived marriage to Carla Evonne Stewart, which ended after only one year of wedlock. His father was Jean Eugene Weiss and his mother was Laurence Reinhardt. Dallas Baumgartner, a great-grandson by Lousson, is a guitarist who travels with the Romani and keeps a low public profile. [2]:169 During the Holocaust an estimated 600,000 to 1.5 million Romani throughout Europe were killed. Lousson was frequently on the road in the 1950s and 1960s and never recorded commercially except for an unreleased 1960s studio recording from Paris with violinist Vivian Villerstein.[3]. Both sons became . Archtop Magazine, March 1988; reproduced in Cruickshank, 1994, p. 47. Jean "Django" Reinhardt (23 January 1910 - 16 May 1953) was a Belgian guitarist and composer credited with popularizing Gypsy jazz, as well as conceptualizing the style together with several other Gypsy musicians.Reinhardt's nickname purportedly means "I Awake" in the Romani language, however it may also simply have been a diminutive, or local Walloon version, of "Jean". . For chords he developed a novel system based largely around 3-note chords, each of which could serve as the equivalent of several conventional chords in different inversions; for the treble notes he could employ his ring and little fingers to fret the relevant high strings even though he could not articulate these fingers independently, while in some chords he also employed his left hand thumb on the lowest string. Some claim it means I awake in Romani, while others state it was just a different version of Jean. In 1943, Django married Sophie Ziegler in Salbris, with whom he had a son, Babik Reinhardt, who went on to become a respected guitarist in his own right. The live cuts from Club St. Germain in February 1951 are a revelation. Indeed, Reinhardt was a family man, having been raised amongst the gypsy people who are famous for the alliance of their extended tribe. After Reinhardt died, his younger brother Joseph at first swore to abandon music, but he was persuaded to perform and record again. [54], Numerous musicians have written and recorded tributes to Reinhardt. Introduction: Django gives us a wonderful lead; the first 15 seconds are a 101-level crash course on how to play gypsy jazz. He was the first jazz talent to emerge from Europe and remains the most significant. stock photos and editorial news pictures from Getty Images. [11]:66, From 1934 until the outbreak of World War II in 1939, Reinhardt and Grappelli worked together as the principal soloists of their newly formed quintet, the Quintette du Hot Club de France, in Paris. [8] The birth certificate refers to "Jean Reinhart, son of Jean Baptiste Reinhart, artist, and Laurence Reinhart, housewife, domiciled in Paris".[9]. He also produced some of his characteristic "effects" by moving a fixed shape (such as a diminished chord) rapidly up and down the fretboard, resulting in what one writer has called "intervallic cycling of melodic motifs and chords". Alternatively, if Dallas derives his surname via his grandmother Kali who Dregni states was the daughter of Bella and her second husband, then Django - and thus Lousson - would be a relation by marriage only; the precise situation is presently unclear. After living the nomadic life of his people, Lousson died in 1992 and was buried at Samois near Django Reinhardt and Joseph Reinhardt. In his later style (c.1946 onwards) Reinhardt began to incorporate more bebop influences in his compositions and improvisations, also fitting a Stimer electric pickup to his acoustic guitar. Sophie "Naguine" Reinhardt (Ziegler) Birthdate: estimated between 1879 and 1939. On the 16th of May, 1953, Django Reinhardt suffered a fatal stroke while walking home from a performance at a Paris club. Neill, Billy & Gates, E. (compilers) (c. 1945). [24] During the war, Romani were systematically killed in concentration camps. I have a favorite historical musician: Django Reinhardt. He was just 43 years old. Discover Very Best of Django Reinhardt [Greatest Hits] by Django Reinhardt released in 2007. His given name of Django translates to Jean in the. (Photo by LAPI/Roger Viollet/Getty Images), https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lousson_Reinhardt&oldid=1105893685, Dregni, Michael. Despite all the troubles, he continued creating music whenever he could. A: And did you notate the music? [10] Reinhardt spent most of his youth in Romani encampments close to Paris, where he started playing the violin, banjo and guitar. Five of his children were sons; Dregni states that one of them, Paul "Navire" Baumgartner, was the father of Dallas Baumgartner, a contemporary gypsy jazz guitarist. But it might come to pass, perhaps one day. In fact, Byrd, who lived from 1925 to 1999, said that Reinhardt was his primary influence. Django Reinhardt nasceu em Liberchies, na Blgica, no distante da fronteira com a Frana, em 23 de janeiro de 1910. [26] Reinhardt made a second attempt a few days later, but was stopped in the middle of the night by Swiss border guards, who forced him to return to Paris again. A small number of waltzes composed by Reinhardt in his youth were never recorded by the composer, but were retained in the repertoire of his associates and several are still played today. Is that accurate? In the climax of the movies, his hands are smashed by his enemies and he is forced to fire a gun with his wounded hands. He never had any formal schooling. As World War II was declared, the original quintet was on tour in the United Kingdom. In 1928, Grappelli had been a member of the orchestra at the Ambassador Hotel while bandleader Paul Whiteman and Joe Venuti were performing there. Django Reinhardt 5/1953. In 1953, he collaborated with the famed jazz musician Dizzie Gillespie and created a few records. (Organ continues to play), Dregni, Michael. As Lousson Baumgartner, the son himself became an accomplished musician who went on to record with his biological father. "The Lost: The Secret History of Lousson Baumgartner and the "Other" Family." DR: It is an extract of my mass. Django-style enthusiast John Jorgenson has been quoted as saying: Django's guitar playing always has so much personality in it, and seems to contain such joy and feeling that it is infectious. On a few occasions he even refused to get out of bed. Joseph's son Markus Reinhardt is a violinist in the Romani style. [11]:6466. The concept of "lead guitar" (Django) and backing "rhythm guitar" (Joseph Reinhardt/Roger Chaput or Pierre Ferret) was born with this band. Even the few times he does not quite make his ideas flow out flawlessly it is still so exciting that mistakes don't matter! When their set ended, Cantor rose to his feet, then went up on stage and kissed Reinhardt's hand, paying no concern to the audience. Reinhardt developed a reputation among his band, fans, and managers as extremely unreliable. He united with Grappelli, and used his acoustic Selmer-Maccaferri. Even today, he is still regarded as one of the most prominent jazz performers to have ever lived. Born in Belgium in 1910, Reinhardt grew up in Romani (Gypsy) camps near Paris, learning banjo, guitar, and violin. This marriage also produced one son. [17] In early 1934 both Reinhardt and Grappelli were members of Louis Vola's band. "[8], Feeling unappreciated by critics and not accepted by French authorities as the legal heir of Django, Lousson retired from playing in 1980. At 18, Django married Bella, a girl from his gypsy camp. In the fifties, bebop superseded swing in jazz, rock and roll took off, and electric instruments became dominant in popular music. Related Topics (He often used a Selmer fitted with an electric pickup, despite his initial hesitation about the instrument.) [32], Back in Paris, in June 1950, Reinhardt was invited to join an entourage to welcome the return of Benny Goodman. Django Reinhardt, January 23, Gypsy Jazz great Django Reinhardt was born Jean Reinhardt on the 23 January 1910 in Belgium into a Roma family who traveled around France and Belgium, He came from a musical family as his father was a musician and his mother a dancer. [8] His mother, Laurence Reinhardt, was a dancer. It is said that British bandleader Jack Hylton came to France just in order to hear his performance. He became adept at stealing chickens. Jean-Baptiste Reinhardt, cigny nevn Django, 1910. janur 23 -n szletett egy lakkocsiban Liberchies vrosban, Belgiumban. Romani-French jazz guitarist and composer. The entire left side of his body was badly burned and to spend 18 months in hospital. The film showed the influence of Reinhardts music in various countries worldwide. His father was named Jean Eugene Weiss, but used the alias "Jean-Baptiste Reinhard" on the birth certificate to hide from French military . Tears by Django Reinhardt | Practicing guitar improvisation for the minor part. Since the mid-sixties, there has been a revival of interest in Reinhardt's music, a revival that has extended into the 21st century, with annual festivals and periodic tribute concerts. It premiered at the Berlin International Film Festival and was met with mixed reviews. His part . Both his sons, Lousson and Babik, also followed in his footsteps and became jazz guitarists. [18], Reinhardt's brother Joseph and Roger Chaput also played on guitar, and Louis Vola was on bass. He would sometimes show up for concerts without a guitar or amp, or wander off to the park or beach when he was due to perform. [4] Reinhardt recorded in France with many visiting American musicians, including Coleman Hawkins and Benny Carter, and briefly toured the United States with Duke Ellington's orchestra in 1946. 1951 Django Reinhardt and the Hot Club Quintet, 1954 The Great Artistry of Django Reinhardt, 1980 Routes to Django Reinhardt - Bireli Lagrene, 2002 Djangology (remastered) (recorded in 1948, discovered, remastered and released by Bluebird Records), 2003 Jazz in Paris: Nuits de Saint-Germain des-Prs. Information med symbolet hentes fra Wikidata. [11]:93, When World War II broke out, the original quintet was on tour in the United Kingdom. Born with inborn musical skills, he was mostly self-taught. The song "Muskrat Love" by America (band) makes a comment about Django, though spelled "Jango" in the lyrics. Jean "Django" Reinhardt, born in Liberchies, Belgium on January 23, 1910, became such a legend even during his lifetime that his public admirers always wanted to know his latest moves, even when the man himself wanted solitude. [7][4] Francis-Alfred Moerman, who accompanied Sarane Ferret for many years, played with Lousson for several years in the 1960s and said, "Playing with Lousson was an extraordinary experience; he really had his father's genius in his fingers he really was unluckyhis talent was awesome, but he played in the 1960s, which were the worst years for jazz players, so he was never successful and left no [official] recordings. Ellington, with no special arrangements written for him During the Holocaust an estimated Romani. Took off, and his wife both suffered severe burns, said that British bandleader Jack Hylton came France... 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